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Nathan Crook Twining
Nathan Crook Twining (17 January 1869–4 July 1924) was a rear admiral of the United States Navy.
==Biography==
Twining was born in Boscobel, Wisconsin, on 17 January 1869, the son of Nathan Crook Twining (sr.) (1834–1924) and his second wife, Mary Jane Rennie. He was raised, in part, by his father's third wife, Margaret E. "Maggie" Rockwell (1849–1919) of Batavia, Kane County, Illinois.
He was appointed a naval cadet in 1885 and graduated from the United States Naval Academy on 7 June 1889. During the Spanish–American War, he served in in Cuban waters and later was executive officer of when that ship circumnavigated the globe with the Great White Fleet. He commanded during the bombardment of Veracruz, Mexico in 1914. During World War I, he served as Chief of Staff for Admiral William Sims, Commander of Naval Forces in European waters, and was also a member of the Allied War Council. Rear Admiral Twining retired early in 1923. He died on July 4, 1924 in Nantucket, Massachusetts.
In 1911, all the world's navies were concerned about the threat of airships bombarding warship. To counter this threat, Twining developed the US Navy's first anti-aircraft cannon to counter the airship threat. The prototype was a 1 pounder and while not placed in production, was used as the concept for the upscale 3 inch anti-aircraft cannon mounted on most US warships during World War I.〔("New American Aerial Weapons" ) ''Popular Mechanics'', December 1911, p. 776.〕
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